ACIDS, BASES, & SALTS 1. Acid: - An acid is defined as a substance whose water solution tastes sour, turns blue litmus red, and neutralizes bases. example- lactic, citric, Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), etc. 2. Base: - A substance is called base if its aqueous solution tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue, or neutralizes acids. example- Baking soda, bleach, NaOH, KOH, etc. 3. Salt: - Salt is a neutral substance whose aqueous solution does not affect litmus. example- Sodium chloride ( NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), etc. What is litmus paper? Litmus is mainly used to assess whethe r a solution is acidic or basic. The color transition occurs over the pH range 4.5–8.3 at 25 °C, with light blue litmus paper turning red under acidic conditions and red litmus paper turning blue under basic or alkaline conditions. Purple litmus paper is neutral. 1. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES O